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順酐是世界上三大酸酐原料之一(醋酐、順酐、苯酐)，且其下游產(chǎn)品有著相當(dāng)廣泛的開(kāi)發(fā)和應(yīng)用前景，可用于合成樹(shù)脂、涂料、農(nóng)藥、潤(rùn)滑油添加劑、醫(yī)藥、紙張?zhí)幚韯?、食品添加劑、穩(wěn)定劑等方面。

Maleic anhydride is one of the three major anhydride raw materials in the world (acetic anhydride, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride), and its downstream products have a wide range of development and application prospects, which can be used in the synthesis of resins, coatings, pesticides, lubricant additives, pharmaceuticals, paper processing agents, food additives, stabilizers, and other aspects.

目前順酐技術(shù)主要有丁烷法工藝和苯法工藝。我國(guó)目前順酐產(chǎn)能以傳統(tǒng)苯法工藝居多，但隨著碳四資源利用的推進(jìn)，丁烷法順酐裝置也逐漸形成規(guī)模。

At present, the main production technologies for maleic anhydride include butane process and benzene process. At present, the production capacity of maleic anhydride in China is mainly based on the traditional benzene process, but with the promotion of the utilization of C4 resources, the butane process maleic anhydride plant is gradually forming a scale.

順酐技術(shù)采用正丁烷為原料，與空氣反應(yīng)順酐。氧化反應(yīng)是強(qiáng)放熱反應(yīng)，反應(yīng)過(guò)程中需要將反應(yīng)熱移走，因而順酐裝置能往外輸出大量蒸汽。因?yàn)檫@個(gè)特點(diǎn)，順酐裝置特點(diǎn)適合與一些高耗汽的裝置聯(lián)合設(shè)置，如乙苯苯乙烯裝置，這樣能達(dá)到蒸汽互補(bǔ)的目的，提高兩套裝置的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。

Maleic anhydride technology uses n-butane as the raw material and reacts with air to produce maleic anhydride. The oxidation reaction is a strong exothermic reaction, during which the reaction heat needs to be removed, so the maleic anhydride device can output a large amount of steam to the outside. Due to this characteristic, the maleic anhydride unit is suitable for joint installation with some high steam consuming units, such as the ethylbenzene styrene unit, which can achieve the goal of steam complementarity and improve the economic efficiency of the two units.

與傳統(tǒng)的苯法順酐技術(shù)相比，RHMA技術(shù)能完全苯對(duì)環(huán)境的污染、順酐收率高、低能耗、外輸蒸汽量高、裝置操作周期長(zhǎng)的特點(diǎn)。

Compared with traditional benzene based maleic anhydride technology, RHMA technology can completely eliminate the environmental pollution caused by benzene, with high yield of maleic anhydride, low energy consumption, high output of steam, and long operating cycle of the device.

工藝過(guò)程

Process

丁烷經(jīng)蒸發(fā)后與空氣混合，然后進(jìn)入氧化反應(yīng)器。氧化反應(yīng)器為列管式固定床反應(yīng)式，催化劑置于反應(yīng)管內(nèi)，丁烷和空氣與催化劑接觸后反應(yīng)生成順酐，同時(shí)放出大量的反應(yīng)熱，由殼側(cè)的熔鹽移走。被加熱的熔鹽用于產(chǎn)汽后，再回到反應(yīng)器中。在氧化反應(yīng)器，丁烷單程轉(zhuǎn)化率可達(dá)82~85%，順酐的重量收率97~103%。

Butane is evaporated and mixed with air before entering the oxidation reactor. The oxidation reactor is a tubular fixed bed reactor, with the catalyst placed inside the reaction tube. Butane and air react with the catalyst to generate maleic anhydride, while releasing a large amount of reaction heat, which is removed by the molten salt on the shell side. The heated molten salt is used for steam production and then returned to the reactor. In the oxidation reactor, the one-way conversion rate of butane can reach 82-85%, and the weight yield of maleic anhydride is 97-103%.

反應(yīng)后的氣體經(jīng)兩級(jí)冷卻后進(jìn)入后處理系統(tǒng)，順酐技術(shù)的后處理系統(tǒng)采用溶劑吸收工藝，溶劑選用鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯。反應(yīng)氣經(jīng)吸收、解吸、精制等操作后得到產(chǎn)品順酐，純度達(dá)到99.5%。

After two stages of cooling, the reacted gas enters the post-treatment system. The post-treatment system of maleic anhydride technology adopts a solvent absorption process, and the solvent is dibutyl phthalate. The reaction gas undergoes absorption, desorption, refining and other operations to obtain the product maleic anhydride, with a purity of 99.5%.

進(jìn)料要求

Feed requirements

用于順酐的正丁烷純度應(yīng)>=99%，烯烴總量<=0.3%，硫、氯含量<=10ppm。

The purity of n-butane used for the production of maleic anhydride should be= 99%, total olefin content&lt= 0.3%, sulfur and chlorine content&lt= 10ppm.

正丁烷可從混合丁烷、醚后碳四等含正丁烷的C4物料中進(jìn)行分離得到，也可以用異丁烷正構(gòu)化工藝將異丁烷制成正丁烷后使用。

N-butane can be separated from C4 materials containing n-butane such as mixed butane and etherified C4, and can also be converted into n-butane using isobutane normalization process for use.

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